Taʿlīkī-Zāde Mehmed Subhi Çelebi and the Capture of Tabriz (A. H. 993/A. D. 1585)

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

• Mohammad Ali Parghoo ¹
• Vali Din Parast ¹
• Alireza Karimi ¹
• Khalil Mohammadi ²

¹ Associate Professor, University of Tabriz

² PhD Candidate, History of Iran in Islamic Era, University of Tabriz

10.22067/jhistory.2023.80454.1197

Abstract

ʿUthmān Pāshā, son of Özdimīr, the Circassian grand vizier and Commander-in-Chief of the Ottoman army attacked Tabriz with a massive army in A.H. 993/ A.D. 1585 upon the orders of Sultan Murād ʿUthmānī III. The Ottoman forces completely overpowered the Șafavīd army and gained control over the city rather easily, due to the incompetence and physical weakness of the Safavid  king, and division and dispersion among the leaders of Qizilbāsh tribes. In this way, the Ottomans established dominance over Tabriz (the most important city of Iran at that time) for nearly two decades. The Safavid  defeat and the capture of Tabriz have been proudly mentioned in many Ottoman resources and are reflected in the works of several Ottoman historians, both earlier and later. Among these works, one is " Murādnāme" or " Tabrīzīyye" by Taʿlīkī-Zāde Mehmed Subhi Çelebi Efendi .
The author of this work witnessed the attack on Tabriz and recorded some of the events of this military campaign. The present article investigates this work and explores the state of affairs for the people of Tabriz as a fallen city, facing incursion and massacre. The events recorded in  Tabrīzīyyeh  are part of the unspoken social history of people of Tabriz during that period. The present research is based on the descriptive-analytical method and adopts the library method, relying on Safavid -Ottoman resources and some of the more recent work, shedding light on some of the hidden aspects of Ottoman’s affairs in Tabriz following the city’s capture, and providing a better understanding of the city’s urban space and the ethics and costumes of its inhabitants.

Keywords

• Tabriz
• The Safavid
• The Ottomans
• Taʿlīkī-Zāde
• Tabrīzīyyeh

Main Subjects

• History of Islam

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